Blue Flames at Ijen, East Java, Indonesia

Ijen Blue Flame

See our itinerary and past posts for East Java here.

The Ijen volcano, located in East Java, contains the world’s largest acidic volcanic crater lake, and is an active site for sulphur mining. It was our last hike before we head back home to Singapore.

On the night of the climb, we had an early dinner and went to bed at around 8 p.m. The alarm rang 5 hours later and we struggled to get out of our beds, did a quick wash-up and head into the car so that our driver can fetch us to the entrance of the hike. We had a local guide who led the way – it was a steep 2-hour upward climb to the rim of the crater followed by a 30-minute downward and rocky climb to the crater.

Sulphur burns with a blue flame, and this phenomenon is best observed in the dark. Once you know the science behind it, it may not be as magical, but still a spectacular sight watching the flames danced in the dark.

Kawah Ijen – world’s largest acidic volcanic crater lake

We stayed there until the sun rose, so that we can see Kawah Ijen – the world’s largest acidic volcanic crater lake. It was so clear, so inviting, but so deadly.

Collection of sulphur

The suphur gases are channeled through pipes, which condenses into dark red molten sulphur. The molten sulphur then pools at the end of the pipes, where it cools and solidifies into a bright yellow mass.

Damaged pipes

Sulphur miners at work – guess how heavy is one load?

Despite the toxic fumes, the sulpher miners work with minimal protection, some wore masks made with a bandana, while most didn’t even bother. The sulphur miners break the solidified sulphur into chunks, load them into their baskets and carried them back down the volcano.

Sulphur miner making ornaments with sulphur

Carrying the sulphur back – each load weighs 70 to 100kg

Is there a shortcut for them to head back down? No, we are all sharing the same path up and down the volcano – except that they have a load of 70 to 100 kg on their backs on their way back. They have to tread carefully among the rocks, making sure that they don’t trip/fall or drop their load.

Each trip will earn them about USD 7, and most of the miners will do this two to three times each day.

Us climbing out the crater

Sulphur miners carrying the load back to be weighed

When conversing with our guide, he told us that many of them started doing this when they are about 20 years old, and they will do it for as long as they can, until the detrimental effects of the toxic fumes take a toll on them. Why do they do this, even though it’s such a dangerous and hazardous job? Because it was their only way to earn a livelihood. 

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